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Services and contracts

Do the Applicant's client contracts exclude consequential damages in the Applicant's favor?

Direct damages are what your service cost. Consequential damages are what the client lost because it failed, and the second number is much larger.

Attested, not tenant-verifiable

What the carrier is actually asking

The carrier is asking whether your contracts exclude liability for indirect and consequential loss: lost profits, lost business, lost data value, and reputational harm suffered by the client.

Why it is underwritten

If your platform is unavailable for two days, the client's lost trading revenue can exceed your annual fee many times over. The consequential damages exclusion is what keeps liability proportionate to the contract value. Without it, exposure is unbounded regardless of the cap.

Where the answer lives in Microsoft 365, Entra ID, and Azure

This lives in the contract estate alongside the liability cap, and the two work together.

PlatformWhere the setting livesWhat has to be true
TemplatesConsequential and indirect damages exclusionA clear exclusion naming the categories excluded rather than relying on a general phrase. Attested
Contract estateWhat major clients actually agreedExecuted positions, since this clause is negotiated frequently
Carve-outsExceptions to the exclusionData breach carve-outs, which reopen the largest category of consequential loss
DefinitionsHow lost profits and lost data are characterisedExplicit naming, since jurisdictions differ on whether lost profits are direct or indirect
InteractionHow the exclusion works with the liability capBoth present and consistent, since they address different dimensions of the same exposure
Name the categories explicitly

Courts in several jurisdictions have treated lost profits as direct rather than consequential damages, which means a general exclusion of consequential loss may not exclude them. Naming lost profits, lost revenue, and lost data explicitly removes the argument.

What a defensible yes requires

  • Standard terms exclude indirect and consequential loss.
  • The excluded categories are named explicitly rather than referenced generally.
  • Executed contracts have been reviewed for what was agreed.
  • Carve-outs are identified and quantified.
  • The exclusion and the cap work together and are consistent.

How this answer goes wrong

The exclusion is present in general terms and does not name lost profits, so the largest head of loss remains arguable. Combined with a data breach carve-out from the cap, the contractual protection is considerably thinner than it appears.

Frequently asked

Do clients accept this clause?

It is standard in technology contracts and it is negotiated frequently. Mutual exclusions are a common landing point.

Are lost profits consequential?

It depends on the jurisdiction and the drafting, which is exactly why naming them explicitly is worth the extra line.

Does this matter if we have a cap?

Yes. They address different things: the cap limits the total, the exclusion removes categories. Carve-outs to either can undo both.

What about client business interruption?

That is the classic consequential loss and the one most likely to be claimed. It is why the exclusion matters more for hosted services than for licensed software.

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